Summary Of Slavery In Toni Morrisons Beloved - 996 Words

Beloved is a book not written to teach, explain, or tell you about slavery. Beloved was written to show slavery, show the punishment, the suffering, and the agony. Morrison blends many aspects of the pain endured by her characters throughout Beloved into a tale that illustrates the true extent of the damage slavery causes. One of the main themes, and a focus of this suffering, is Motherhood. Morrison creates Sethe’s motherhood to be a critical aspect of her character, then targets this trait with abuse and violence to illustrate the depth of pain slavery inflicts on its subjects. Morrison shows the damage slavery causes through the vein of motherhood by combining the use of breastmilk as a symbolic effigy for motherhood that can be†¦show more content†¦Beloved’s blood mixing with milk represents the contamination of Sethe’s motherhood. The milk acts as the representation of motherly connection and support, the blood portrays the destruction of family, th e spilling of kin’s blood. The blood mixed with the milk signifies the sacrifices that need to be made to survive in a world of slavery, the death that Sethe believed was necessary to protect her children. Milk is a symbol made to be acted upon, to be corrupted, stolen, saved; it shows the perils and importance of Sethe’s motherhood. When analyzing the importance of milk to the theme of motherhood, Mock reiterates the importance of breastfeeding and asserts that the act of breastfeeding to Morrison is more than just nurturing, but the creation of a bond, â€Å"Within the theme of the maternal sphere, Morrison stresses breast-feeding as essential to the natural unity of the mother-child bond; she exemplifies more fully the mutilation of this sphere by depicting the enslavement of mother and child within as they are separately and individually buffeted by the forces of slavery, belonging not to each other, but to their captors† (Mock). The system of slavery enacts its atrocities upon Sethe’s capacity to be a mother by taking away her sense of maternal ownership. Slavery made it so that her daughter was not her own, thatShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Beloved By Toni Morrison2078 Words   |  9 PagesAn Analysis of Beloved as a Portrayal of American History Toni Morrison’s 1988 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, Beloved is clearly a work of well deserved literary acclaim. It has been hailed as one of the most revolutionary, poetic, and poignant pieces of modern American literature. The work is characterized by it’s portrayal of the â€Å"Slave Narrative† and follows the strife of former slave and mother: Sethe as she is tormented by the memories of her past, the haunting of her home, and the appearanceRead More Essay on Toni Morrisons Beloved - Sethes Act of Filicide1653 Words   |  7 PagesSethes Act of Filicide in Beloved      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shortly after the publication of Beloved, Toni Morrison commented in an interview that Sethes murder of Beloved was the right thing to do, but she had no right to do it.... It was the only thing to do, but it was the wrong thing to do.1[1]   Does this remark prove the moral ambiguity of the infanticide, as Terry Otten argues?2[2]   Yes, it was right but wrong, and wrong but right.   However, the most important thing is that It was the only thing toRead MoreBeloved: Passage Analysis1335 Words   |  6 Pages Mister, the taste of iron, the sight of butter, the smell of hickory, notebook paper, one by one, into the tobacco tin lodged in his chest. By the time he got to 124 nothing in this world could pry it open. Beloved Passage Analysis Syntax: Emphasizing the Tone Toni Morrison’s unique syntax manifested in this passage reinforces the overall content. Sentence fragments without a subject such as sentences number five and six focuses on Paul D’s observations. At this point he is uncertain whereRead MoreCultural Translation : The Location Of Culture1824 Words   |  8 Pageswhere he discusses the invasion of the domestic by the public and how this postcolonial condition makes the borders confused between inside (home)/outside (the public world). Finally, last section, Looking for the Join, can be simply considered as a summary joining both previous sections. BORDER LIVES: THE ART OF THE PRESENT In the very beginning of this section, the author focuses on those who experience ‘border lives’; those who live in the margins of nations. He argues that life at the bordersRead MoreSlavery and Black Thunder8056 Words   |  33 PagesBLACK THUNDER SUMMARY The Work Black Thunder, Arna Bontemps’ defining novel, is a fictionalized account of the early nineteenth century Gabriel Insurrection, in Virginia. The novel, which chronicles the Gabriel Prosser-led rebellion against the slave owners of Henrico County, was generally lauded by critics as one of the most significant black American works of fiction. Richard Wright praised the work for dealing forthrightly with the historical and revolutionary traditions of African AmericansRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12166 Words   |  49 Pagesretrieval systems without the written permission of the publisher. For complete copyright information on these eNotes please visit: http://www.enotes.com/worn−path/copyright Table of Contents 1. A Worn Path: Introduction 2. Eudora Welty Biography 3. Summary 4. Characters 5. Themes 6. Style 7. Historical Context 8. Critical Overview 9. Essays and Criticism 10. Compare and Contrast 11. Topics for Further Study 12. Media Adaptations 13. What Do I Read Next? 14. Bibliography and Further Reading 15. Copyright Read MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12173 Words   |  49 Pagesretrieval systems without the written permission of the publisher. For complete copyright information on these eNotes please visit: http://www.enotes.com/worn−path/copyright Table of Contents 1. A Worn Path: Introduction 2. Eudora Welty Biography 3. Summary 4. Characters 5. Themes 6. Style 7. Historical Context 8. Critical Overview 9. Essays and Criticism 10. Compare and Contrast 11. Topics for Further Study 12. Media Adaptations 13. What Do I Read Next? 14. Bibliography and Further Reading 15. Copyright

The instructional design process Free Essays

string(67) " be demonstrated by the scholar as a consequence of the direction\." See the undermentioned conjectural state of affairs, you have been approached by a module member at UNC who has merely received a big grant for developing educational stuffs in her field of expertness. Although the module member knows her capable really good, she has ne’er been involved in a big development undertaking. Her annual undertaking involves working with other module members as capable affair experts and organizing the attempts of assorted media production contractors. We will write a custom essay sample on The instructional design process or any similar topic only for you Order Now The module member has approached you to assist her program this undertaking. Describe for her what is meant by instructional design in relation to this undertaking. In peculiar, she is interested in how instructional aims, choosing the right media, and formative development will assist her undertaking. Instructional design is a mussy procedure. It is a non-linear iterative procedure that includes legion visions and alterations. Sims and Koszalka ( 2008 ) define instructional design as â€Å" a purposeful activity that consequences in a combination of schemes, activities, and resources to ease acquisition † ( p. 570 ) . Merrill, Barclay, and van Schaak ‘s ( 2008 ) definition suggests purpose and intent when they describe the procedure as one which involves â€Å" making designs for effectual, efficient, and prosecuting direction † ( p. 174 ) . What we know about this peculiar grant is that it is a â€Å" big grant † with the intent of â€Å" developing educational stuffs † for one twelvemonth. Furthermore, this undertaking will affect working with assorted module members every bit good as media production contractors. Given these conditions, the instructional design theoretical account created by Morrison, Ross, and Kemp ( 2004 ) will be the underli ning usher for this treatment. The subdivisions on aims, message design, and formative development will be written in more item than other subdivisions based on the petition by the module member. Typically, the first measure in the instructional design procedure is placing the job. This involves calculating out if instructional design is appropriate. Because the grant has already been approved, it will be assumed that the demands appraisal, end analysis, and public presentation appraisal for the undertaking have been conducted and it was determined that direction is the appropriate manner to work out the job. The 2nd measure is to measure the demands of the scholars. Morrison et Al. ( 2004 ) suggest taking a expression at three facets of the intended audience: a ) general features, or â€Å" wide placing variables such as gender, age, work experience, instruction, and ethnicity † ( p. 57 ) ; specific entry competences, or â€Å" prerequisite accomplishments and attitudes that scholars must possess to profit from preparation † ( p. 58 ) ; and larning manners, or â€Å" traits that refer to how persons approach larning undertakings and procedure information † ( p. 58 ) . For the undertaking, the instructional interior decorator must take into consideration who the scholars are. Are they traditional undergraduate pupils? Are there international pupils? Are they from Colorado? Depending on the features of the scholars, direction will be altered to suit their demands. The 3rd measure is the undertaking analysis. Morrison et Al. ( 2004 ) describe three methods for specifying the content: subject analysis, procedural analysis, and critical incidence analysis. A subject analysis â€Å" is used to specify the facts, constructs, rules, and regulations that will do up the concluding direction † ( p. 80 ) . For the undertaking, it is of import to happen the cardinal stuffs that are relevant to the direction. If the other module are from different subjects, each capable country will necessitate to analyse their ain list of subjects. The procedural analysis â€Å" aˆÂ ¦is used to analyse undertakings by placing the stairss required to finish them † ( p. 84 ) . Making walkthroughs with other module members functioning as subject-matter experts may be a good attack. The critical incidence method â€Å" aˆÂ ¦is used to place the content related to interpersonal interactions and attitudes † ( p. 96 ) . Because in many instances, the aim of an direction is for pupils to derive the accomplishments that experts in the field have acquired, the subject-matter expert becomes a important portion of the design. Therefore, it is necessary to sit down with the other module to better understand the conditions and grounds for which they do what they do and how they do it. Taking into consideration the results of the undertaking analysis, the 4th measure is to make instructional aims. Aims are â€Å" aˆÂ ¦a aggregation of words and/or images and diagrams intended to allow others cognize what you intend your pupils to accomplish † ( Mager, 1984, p. 3 ) . Kaufman ( 2000 ) suggests making an ideal vision, or â€Å" aˆÂ ¦in mensurable footings, the sort of universe we want to make together for tomorrow ‘s kid † ( p. 92 ) as a starting point. This may be a good recommendation, particularly in a big grant where people ‘s thoughts about the agencies by which they get to the ends may be different or may conflict. By placing an ideal vision, planning is set at the mega-level, safely beyond the boundaries of the grant, leting different positions to hold upon a common ends or result. When this is completed, aims for the grant can be written so that they align with the ideal vision. One of the issues in working with a big group of people is that, without clearly stated aims, after a piece, people may acquire off path. When aims are clearly stated, both those involved in making the direction ( i.e. , teachers, instructional interior decorators, capable affair experts ) , the stakeholders, every bit good as scholars to the full understand the purpose of the lesson or course of study. There are three types of aims: cognitive, psychomotor, and affectional. Typically, aims are written for the cognitive sphere, or â€Å" aˆÂ ¦objectives related to information or cognition, calling, work outing, predicting, and other rational facets of larning † ( Morrison et al. , 2004, p. 109 ) . Therefore, merely objectives for the cognitive sphere will be discussed here. A simple manner of retrieving how to compose aims for the cognitive sphere is by utilizing the mnemotechnic ABCD. A refers to the intended audience of the educational stuffs. B is the behaviour, public presentation, or cognitive procedure that will be demonstrated by the scholar as a consequence of the direction. You read "The instructional design process" in category "Essay examples" C is the status or accelerator by which the behaviour or cognitive procedures will be evaluated. D is any grade or standard that specifies and clarifies the B and C parts of the aim. Harmonizing to Morrison et Al. ( 2004 ) , aims can be behavioural aims or cognitive aims. If the aims are behavioural aims, it is recommended to province the terminal aim and any enabling aims that are aligned to those terminal aims. A terminal aim is â€Å" a major aim for a subject or undertaking † ( p. 116 ) . These aims tend to be more general and concentrate on the overall ends. Enabling aims are â€Å" the subobjectives that lead to carry throughing the terminal aims † ( p. 117 ) . These are more specific and may depict certain lesson activities or processs that are related to the acquisition undertaking. If higher order thought is one of the ends of the direction, it is recommended that the aims be classified in a taxonomy in order to guarantee that they are so mensurating higher degree ends, and are aligned to larning undertakings and appraisal. If the aims are behavioural aims in the cognitive sphere, the original Bloom ‘s Taxonomy is recommended ( Bloom, Engelhart, Furst, Hill, A ; Krathwohl, 1956 ) . If the aims are based on cognitive procedures, more recent theoretical accounts such as the one by Anderson et Al. ( 2001 ) or Marzano and Kendall ( 2007 ) are recommended. After aims are stated, the instructional design procedure involves sequencing of content â€Å" aˆÂ ¦in such a manner as to assist the scholar achieve the aims † ( Morrison et al. , 2004, p. 136 ) . Morrison et Al. ( 2004 ) suggest three methods: Gagne ‘s Prerequisite Method, Posner and Strike method, and Reigeluth ‘s Elaboration Theory Sequencing Method. Because it is hard to find sequencing without a discipline-specific lineation of the content, it is beyond the range of this paper to propose sequencing processs. However, for more information, it is recommended to reexamine Morrison et Al. ‘s subdivision on sequencing. The measure after sequencing involves finding the schemes for the direction. Morrison et Al. ( 2004 ) describes two types of schemes, bringing and instructional. Delivery strategies describe the grade of individualisation. These schemes can be individualized or group-paced. Instructional schemes â€Å" prescribe sequences and methods of direction to accomplish an aim † ( p. 150 ) . Such schemes are written to make direction that is effectual, efficient, and appealing. The writers describe assorted prescriptions for learning facts, constructs, rules and regulations, cognitive processs, psychomotor processs, interpersonal accomplishments, and attitudes. With schemes determined, the following measure is to make the message. Message design is the procedure â€Å" to fix the instructional stuffs by interpreting the instructional design program into a unit of direction † ( Morrison et al. , 2004, p. 174 ) . This includes the preinstructional scheme, schemes for signaling, and utilizing images and artworks in the direction. For the undertaking, one preinstructional scheme is a pretest to measure anterior cognition of the pupils. Cognitivist research workers believe that anterior cognition is an of import factor in finding how to maximise acquisition, or alteration in long-run memory. Another preinstructional scheme is merely saying aims at the beginning of the category. Overviews and progress organisers serve to place relevant subjects and content of the lesson. Signing is another scheme that is a portion of message design. Signaling is â€Å" aˆÂ ¦to design the message so that it is communicated efficaciously † ( Morrison et al. , 2004, p. 178 ) . Some suggestions for the undertaking include expressed signals or arrow words to assist scholars spot the most relevant stuff. Morrison et Al. ( 2004 ) states that this can be done through lists, comparings and contrasts, temporal sequencing, cause and consequence, and through definition and illustration. Typographic signals are those signals in the text that emphasize of import information. Paying attending to headers and layout, every bit good as changing the type will assist maximise pupils ‘ focal point. Using and pull stringsing images and artworks is the 3rd scheme of message design. Harmonizing to Morrison et Al. ( 2004 ) , images are good to understand abstract information and to demo spacial relationships. Pictures and artworks such as original art, cartridge holder art, or exposure may heighten acquisition. However, costs effectiveness and copyright Torahs are necessary considerations for its usage. In developing the existent direction, Morrison et Al. ( 2004 ) supply good recommendations. The first recommendation is to do the direction concrete. One of the major cognitive ends in direction is to assist pupils make mental theoretical accounts. By supplying illustrations and artworks, concrete and shorter text, and legion illustrations, pupils will be able to solidify the mental theoretical accounts, doing it easier to recover the information from long-run memory. The 2nd recommendation is to command the measure size. This means that the direction should flux from one subject to the other. Some of the schemes to maximise measure size is utilizing consistent nomenclature and doing mentions to antecedently learned stuff. Pacing is another issue that must be considered through changing the figure of illustrations and supplying amplification on subjects that may be confounding. Another major consideration is cognitive burden. Harmonizing to Lohr and Gall ( 2008 ) , cognitive burden theory is the â€Å" cognitive theoretical account of information processing that emphasizes a conceptual mental work load in understanding human idea † ( p. 86 ) . Harmonizing to Lohr and Gall, cognitive overload and underload may both hinder acquisition. Effective acquisition means that the instructional stuff can non over-burden the pupils ‘ working memory. The usage of multimedia in larning as it relates to cognitive burden has been researched extensively ( see Mayer, 2001 ) . It is of import to understand basic multimedia rules sing the usage of text, life, and narrative prior to their usage in direction. The last measure that needs to be considered is rating. As stated in the debut, all of these stairss are non-linear and iterative. As it will go apparent, the rating subdivision is no exclusion to this regulation. Morrison et Al. ( 2004 ) define three types of rating: formative, summational, and confirmative. The map of formative rating is â€Å" aˆÂ ¦to inform the teacher or planning squad how good the instructional plan is functioning the aims as it progresses † ( p. 240 ) . These types of rating provide feedback to the teacher, the instructional interior decorator, the stakeholders so that alterations can be made to better the direction. During the development of the undertaking, one-to-one tests are recommended. This involves proving out the direction on single scholars. As the bill of exchange of the direction becomes developed, small-group tests can assist the instructional interior decorator expression for strengths and failings in the design. When the design is co mpleted, field tests are conducted. This involves the existent execution of the direction in existent schoolrooms. Summational rating â€Å" is directed toward mensurating the grade to which the major results are attained by the terminal of the class † ( p. 243 ) . Issues that will be considered include effectivity and efficiency of acquisition, cost of development, attitudes to the plan, and long-run benefits. Finally, verification rating is done over clip. This is done by carry oning a follow-up rating ( p. 244 ) . Through questionnaires, interviews, observations and other records, effectivity of the direction can be evaluated and reflected upon. How to cite The instructional design process, Essay examples

Anorexia Perfect Body Essay Example For Students

Anorexia Perfect Body Essay The pressure of having a â€Å"perfect body† is everywhere. Skinny people are promoted on TV, in magazines, on billboards, in movies; basically everywhere we look. But is there such a thing as too thin? Youth today are influenced by the media to be skinny and this causes them to perform extreme measures on their body. Eating disorders are sometimes the unfortunate outcome. Although there are various eating disorders, Anorexia Nervosa is the most common among adolescent men and women. Anorexia Nervosa is commonly referred to as Anorexia, it is defined as a condition that goes beyond out-of-control dieting. A person with Anorexia begins dieting to lose weight, where it eventually becomes uncontrollable and the person begins to starve themselves. This cycle becomes an obsession and is similar to any type of any drug or substance addiction. This is where the line must be drawn. When teens are putting their health at risk to obtain the idea of perfection portrayed by the media, it must be stopped. Anorexia can be a very scary disease and can frighten people, but one of the things that may become even more of a shock is Pro-Ana. Pro-Ana, short for Pro-Anorexia are websites that promote this unhealthy disease. We will write a custom essay on Anorexia Perfect Body specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Pro-Ana is on the rise and just as the media influences young people to be skinny, these websites encourage their subscribers to achieve weight loss through the harmful method of Anorexia. With influential media and websites advocating Anorexia, there is no wonder why impressionable children actually begin to fall for their deceit. Although perfectionism is advertised in these sites, Anorexia has negative mental, physical and social effects. Anorexia is considered a physiological disorder. It constantly plays with the victim’s mind and makes them feel they need to be skinnier, creating a low self esteem. When people have this disease they have a distorted view of what is considered overweight. They believe the average weight is not sufficient and they must keep striving for a smaller size. Although the site called â€Å"Starving for Perfection† states that being thin and not eating are true signs of willpower and success, it is the exact opposite (Hoff). By giving into the media and these websites, people’s self- confidence is destroyed and they are being morally defeated. Anorexia is just a continuous mind game where youth are set on the idea that they are not good enough for society. With an eating disorder, people go into their own worlds and don’t pay attention to the actuality of their problems. Adolescents with eating behaviors associated with anorexia are at high risk for anxiety and depression in young adulthood (Hornbacher). They build up self-hatred and pick at their body, focusing on every seemingly imperfect aspect of it. Although this disease is an obvious problem, there are sites that promote it, furthering the downward spiral of Anorexics’ mental ability. Pro-Ana sites show pictures of women who are unhealthy and way too skinny, creating a wrong image for young people to follow after. Putting images like these into the minds of such vulnerable children cause negative outcomes. The photos on their sites are called â€Å"Thinsipration† and they make anorexics feel that skinny is the only way they should be. Pro-Ana websites help an anorexic to become psychologically unstable. While teens are so focused on becoming skinny, they do not realize the health risks they are putting themselves into. Physical effects are the most obvious results of anorexic situations. Although the goal of the person is to only achieve weight loss, Anorexia affects the entire body. Pro-Anorexia sites state â€Å"what the scale says is the most important thing† but is it really, when such extreme starvation causes such damage? Almost ninety percent of women with anorexia experience Osteopenia which is loss of bone minerals, forty percent have Osteoporosis which is more advanced loss of bone density. Testosterone levels also decline in boys as they lose weight, which also can affect their bone density. For girls, the severe weight loss causes loss of menstrual period and lanugo, a white fuzzy hair that grows all over the body. .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 , .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 .postImageUrl , .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 , .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23:hover , .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23:visited , .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23:active { border:0!important; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23:active , .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23 .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0fe008b0024afbdf9a42321286359e23:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Peer Pressure EssayAlso in the long run, having had Anorexia effects a woman’s pregnancy. It causes a higher risk of miscarriage and having a baby with a low birthweight (Levonkron). During this cycle, nails become brittle and one Pro-Ana site proclaims that â€Å"manicures and pedicures are your best friend because people who see brittle nails will uncover your true identity† (Levonkron). Both boys and girls experience dry yellowish skin, bruise easily, constipation, dry skin, constant coldness, abdominal pain, and headaches (Levonkron). Hair becomes very brittle and hair loss is common. It also causes insomnia due to the long lasting, aching hunger pains. In a more serious view, anemia, heart failure, palpitations, low blood pressure, kidney stones and kidney failure are all possible results of following this unhealthy system. Anorexics rarely ever realize what they are doing or that it is wrong. Overall, anorexia causes the body to be very weak and physically unattractive (Pierre). A social life is important to most teens, but with Anorexia, their social life slowly vanishes. Losing weight is a continuous obsession with anorexics and they will forget about those who are close to them during the process. Self-starvation demands enormous emotional energy and concentration and leaves little room for anything or anyone else. Since Anorexics regularly watch their intake of calories, going out with friends turns into a problem since they do not want people to unveil their sickness. With such a fixation on foods and body image there is barely any time for them to participate in regular day to day activities. Going out seems like a chore to many anorexics. An Anorexic prefers reaching their goal of thinness and not eating, rather than hanging out with their friends. There is an enormous amount of emotional growth and development to be made in a few years; if the anorexic does not participate with their peer group in this development they will miss out on it (Hornbacher). One Pro-Ana site says to â€Å"Keep your eye on the prize! Do not let your friends or family get in the way of your goal†, with statements like these anorexics are pushed away from the people who actually care about them (Medina). Having this unfortunate disorder causes anorexics to miss out on their teenage years and have a disappointing and regrettable social life. One in every hundred women have anorexia and help is out there to lend a helping hand to those who wish to recover (Medina). Pro-Ana sites declare that they can â€Å"control† their anorexia, but it actually becomes a lifestyle for the person and they no longer have the ability to stop themselves. The truth is that once this horrid cycle starts it is hard to quit. The diet habits that are formed are very threatening to the mind, body and interaction of people. It is clear that Anorexia is dangerous with all the negative effects it causes mentally, physically, and socially. Only a little more than one third of people recover from Anorexia, and these Pro-Ana sites are not helping the process. Because of their young age, teens are very susceptible to the negative atmosphere that Pro-Ana sites create. In a world of so much pressure to be skinny, teens are being influenced from every direction. Even though being skinny seem like it would be great, no one ever wants to be another statistic.

Peter Calabrese Essays - Business Cycle, Financial Crises

Peter Calabrese Economics 101 Dr. Maglione March 22, 2000 How has your life changed since 1991? Have you noticed: an increase of material goods around your house, a new car in your driveway, or a little bit bigger gut due to eating more prime rib and filet mignon. If you have answered yes to any of these questions you are among the millions that have benefited from the economic boom. The economic boom refers to the period of economic expansion that started in March of 1991 and is still happening to this day. The following report will analyze various aspects of the economic boom including: what contributed to the boom and the areas of the economy which are positively and negatively affected. It will also review how long it is projected to last and possibilities that could send our economy into a recession or even depression. "The Economic Boom" as previously stated refers to the period of economic expansion that started in March of 1991 and has been proceeding for the past 108 months. These 108 months have been the longest period of economic growth ever in American history. The stock market is growing faster than it ever has before. Unemployment is at an all time low and what's even more impressive is that inflation is staying down. As of February 2000 over 100,000 people were earning over a million dollars a year. It seems as though everything is contributing to the "Boom". Suddenly there is an increase in entrepreneurs, these entrepreneurs create jobs for people. The stock market is reaching record heights and with unemployment at a low people have money to invest in companies. Stocks now account for 54% if household financial assets. 40 million investors have entered the market since the Boom began. The end of the cold war is another of the more important events leading to the ?Boom." With the collapse of the Soviet Union, America has been able to reduce its emphasis from national security to economic growth. Now instead of making wartime supplies with increased tax revenue the government can set it sites on balancing the budget. To further increase American production and sales European and Asian countries began dropping trade barriers. Finally and perhaps of most importance is the new technology. Technology is paving the way toward the future. Everything from online stock trading to car companies such as Ford ordering supplies. Online buying or e-commerce has cut cost and the time that it takes to ship a product. Free markets incorporated states that purchasers are saving anywhere from 2% to 5% by letting suppliers bid for business online Gartner group estimates that technology investments will rise from 3.5% of revenue which it is now to an average of 5.8%. The internet also allows instant analysis of goods farmers can find where they will get the highest prices for their crops, and after these crops have been delivered they can log onto the net to see how their product compares to others of the same type. Finally the net is also used to collect information from customers. This information can then be used to design a more desirable superior product. For the most part the main part of the economy that is positively affected by the "Boom" is technology and anyone that has anything to do with technology. From technology stocks to business that process orders online technology is making the market turn. However certain parts of the economy seem to be going belly up. Low price imports from developing countries are wiping out thousands of American jobs in the steel and textile industries. As a matter of fact even in this time of economic wealth 44 million Americans are still without health insurance. Finally the gap between poor and rich is enormous, The bottom fifth of US households receives less than 4% of the national income with the top fifth is responsible of obtaining more than half of the income. How long will the "Boom" last? No one can really tell for sure, but predictions can be made as to why it will either bust or continue. In a recent interview with President Clinton he states the reasons that he believes the boom will last. First the president states that the hard times

Statue of Liberty essays

Statue of Liberty essays For over a century, the Statue of Liberty has stood valiantly in the open air, symbolizing freedom throughout the world. She has held a patriotic place in each and every American heart since she was unveiled in October 1886. She has greeted all the immigrants into Ellis Island, announcing that their journey to the "land of the free" has finally come to an end. Her flaming torch, flowing robes, and spiked crown have long since been an inspiration for American Pride, and the supreme power and grace of her posture have given the United States a symbolic mascot that will forever display the power, wealth, and freedom of this great nation. The Statue of Liberty, officially Liberty Enlightening the World, was designed by French sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi and completed in July 1884. The Statue of Liberty was given by the French as a symbol of friendship. The Statue of Liberty is a monumental sculpture, portraying a woman escaping the chains of tyranny, which lie at her feet. Held aloft in her right hand is a flaming torch, representing liberty. Her left hand grasps a tablet on which is inscribed in roman numerals, the date the United States declared its independence, "July 4, 1776." She wears flowing robes, and the seven rays of her spiked crown symbolize the seven seas and continents. The statue commemorates the alliance between the United States and France during the American Revolution from 1775 to 1783, and was funded completely through the donation of the French people. The Statue of Liberty was declared a national monument in 1924. In order to prepare for the statue's centennial year in 1986, a French-American rehabilitation project repaired and cleaned the statue, replacing the glass-and metal torch with one covered in gold leaf. The complete Statue of Liberty national monument also includes both Liberty Island and Ellis Island. ...

How does SAT Superscoring Affect your Test Strategy

How does SAT Superscoring Affect your Test Strategy SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Lots of colleges "superscore" your SAT scores, or take your highest section scores across all your test dates. Besides making your application stronger, this policy can also be valuable forhow you approach the SAT. How does it accomplish allthis? Read on to learn how SAT superscoring affects your overall testing strategy. First, what are the major benefits of SAT superscore? Why Superscoring Really is Super If thecollege you're applying to has a policy of superscoring your SAT results, then it will take your highest section scores across all test dates. This means you have nothing to worry about if you have some ups and downs in your scores. It also could help maximize your scores to your highest composite score. This example illustrates just how much superscoring can affect your composite score across different test dates. This student scored highly on Critical Reading on Test 1, on Math on Test 2, and on Writing on Test 3. This studentscored a total of 1500 on each of hertest dates, butsuperscoring allowed hercomposite score to jump up to an impressive 2100! Section Reading Math Writing Composite Test 1 700 400 400 1500 Test 2 400 700 400 1500 Test 3 400 400 700 1500 Superscore 700 700 700 2100 This is a somewhat exaggerated example, as hopefully you won't drop 300 points in any section when you retake the SAT. But it shows just how much of an impact superscoring can have. It's clear that viewing score reports across different test dates in this way is helpful when you apply to colleges. But stepping back a year or more before your application deadlines, can this policy affect your strategy for taking the SAT in the first place? Let's get strategic, like a game of human chess! How SAT Superscoring Affects Your Test Strategy In general, students who do best on the SAT are the ones who have a plan. They plan how to study for the SAT, when to take it, and how many times to take it. Rather than stumbling onto high scores randomly, they are intentional aboutall aspects of preparing for and taking the SAT. As part of this strategic planning, you could use this superscoring policy to your advantage. The first step is researching your colleges' policies towards SAT scores. If the schools you're applying to do superscoring, as many schools do, then youmight consider incorporating this into your test plan. Like your colleges, you could "superscore" your own test by building up your composite scores gradually across different test dates. You might study intensively for math for your first test date to achieve a strong math score. For your next test, you could prep especially for Reading, and then ramp up your Writing prep for the third. This approach could help focus your studying, as well as take the pressure off of each test. You'd only be aiming for a strong score in one section each time, rather than worrying about performing well in all three sections. In this way, this strategy could help relieve stress, break up the test into manageable chunks, and prevent it from becoming overwhelming. This plan of building up your composite score across different test sittings means you would take the SAT two, three, or more times. This would involve starting early, at least a year or so ahead of your college deadlines. You could take the SAT first in the fall of junior year, again in the spring, and then for a third time in the fall of junior year. If you want to leave yourself even more opportunities to test, in case of a fluke testing day or unsatisfactory scores, then you could push this schedule back even further. If you're using superscoring to your advantage, you can see how you'd want to understand your colleges' policies a year or more before you're actually applying to those schools. If you're reading this and thinking this strategy sounds like something you want to try, you should also be aware of the potential pitfalls of this approach. Before jumping into it, consider this word of caution. Caution:this strategy could get slippery when peeled. Word of Caution About This Strategy Using each SAT test date to focus on scoring highly in one section at a time does not mean ignoring or skipping the other sections completely. This would be an unnecessary risk for several reasons. It could look strange to admissions officers if you have huge fluctuations in your scores from one SAT to the next, for one thing. Significantups and downs could also look suspicious to College Board, who are on the lookout for odd activity on score reports. An unexplained decrease or increase of several hundred points between test administrations, especially taken in the same year, could potentially result in your scores being audited, withheld, or even cancelled. Some change is normal, even expected if you take the time to prep between tests, but you wouldn't want to completely ignore one or two out of the three sections while using this SAT superscoring strategy. Plus it could just throw off your whole pacing of the test, and managing your time is a big part of mastering the SAT. Building up your section scores can be a useful and effective strategy. Just be careful that you don't take it to the extreme. You could perhapsdevote about half your time prepping for one section, while still taking 1/4 of your remaining prep time for the other two sections. I would recommend putting the majority ofyour study time toward one section of the test when using this strategy, but not all of it. My other word of caution involves being mindful of the number of times you take the SAT. While you can technically take it as many times as you want, I wouldn't suggest exceeding 6 test administrations. The time and money put toward taking the SAT any more than this would probably be better spent on prepping to achieve the scores you desire in less time. By starting early, you should have enough test dates within this range to meet your goals, especially if you have a clear understanding of your colleges' stance on test scores and why superscoring is so helpful. Let's quickly review the most important ways it can work to your advantage. Major Takeaways for Your Testing Strategy These are the most important points to remember for your SAT testing strategy: Research your colleges' policies towards SAT scores well in advance of your applications, so you can consider incorporating them into your study plan and testing schedule. If your schools SAT superscore, then you can maximize your composite scores by studying for and gaining a strong score in one section at a time. Avoid taking the SAT more than 6 times, as this time and money could probably be better spent on test prep. Unless your schools require that you send all your scores, then consider using College Board's Score Choice to just send the reports that will give you the highest superscore (Math + Critical Reading + Writing). By knowing your schools' application requirements, you can take the pressure off of each SAT and prep in a focused way, one section at a time, to gain your strongest SAT scores. Knowledge really is power. What's Next? Regardless of whether or not you're building up your SAT scores one section at a time, you want to be mindful about when and how many times you take the test. Read about how to choose the best test dates for your schedule here. Some colleges no longer require SAT scores, while others let you send Subject Tests or AP scores in lieu of the SAT. See the full list of test optional and test flexible schools here. Are you wondering how students achieve the elusive 2400 on the SAT? This fullscorer explains the strategies and study plan he used to achieve a perfect score. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points?We have the industry's leading SAT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and SAT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today:

Big Tobacco Sues Feds over Graphic Warnings on Cigarette Labels Research Paper - 1

Big Tobacco Sues Feds over Graphic Warnings on Cigarette Labels - Research Paper Example cco has two distinct functions, one as a consumable article and the other as a revenue earner, which at times appears to secure conflicting official treatment" (Breed, 2011). To counter this thought that tobacco is injurious to health, major cigarette manufacturing companies spent millions of dollars. They found anti smoking campaign by the government just to malign the minds of the people since scientific research yet to establish the actual cause of death of a person. Any law or ordinance that prohibits the sale of cigarettes at this stage is unjustified. It backs the American jurisprudence a man or woman is â€Å"innocent until proven guilty† (Breed, 2011). Yet Scientists have to prove that tobacco smoke or any of its constituents in cigarette cause human disease. So far, the research and studies conducted to find out the real cause of death/damages on human body, comes to the conclusion that tobacco cannot be blamed as a solo reason for the death of a person but the weak immune system that vary from individual to individual effects the human body (Breed, 2011). The strong defense of the tobacco manufacturing companies is that they are contributing a lot in shape of taxes to the national exchequers imposed by the concerned state on tobacco products. Further this industry employees a large number of employees. In case of industry, failure there could be two pronged losses: a) loss of taxes that collects by the states b) unemployment. Any effort to undermine the industry would have devastating impact on the jobs of more than 400,000 workers associated with tobacco industry besides losing of jobs of another 300,000 employees of its allied industries. As far as revenue generation through sale of this product is concerned, smokers are contributing approximately ten billion dollars a year, which reflects the sizeable chunk towards total revenue of the United States of America (Breed, 2011). The biased advertisement comprised of pictures of those smokers who have

Building Capacity for Marketing Innovation Essay

Building Capacity for Marketing Innovation - Essay Example It is an established phenomenon that marketers should only concentrate on what is expressively demanded by consumers so as to enhance the firm's profitability. However, the marketing concept does not only require the marketers to evaluate and satisfy the expressed demands of individuals but also dig into the needs that are rarely expressed. The capability for marketing innovation depends upon several internal and external attributes of an organisation. In Chinese society, the willingness and capability of firms to innovate in more difficult because of the differences in external economic and social environment as compared to those of market economies. This paper provides an insight into the notion of innovation in the context of marketing concept. It presents a study into the capability building for marketing innovation in the companies. The paper also sheds light on the concept of capability building for marketing innovation in the context of Chinese market. Innovation is a concept highly misconceived in the context of marketing. Innovation is said to be the most crucial responsibility of companies operating in the competitive environment of 21st century. The concept of innovation encompasses the notion of doing something for the first time or introducing a product into the market that is outright new to the firm as well as the consumers. In the context of marketing, it refers to the marketers' ability to envision new ideas, give it a form of strategy, introduce it to the market and make consumers love it. Innovation is strictly important in the age of global competition where firms are continuously striving to gain a sustainable competitive advantage. A firm does not necessarily have to bring about a drastic change in the organization in order to be 'innovative.' According to Weerawardena, "innovativeness refers to a corporate environment that promotes and supports novel ideas, experimentation and creative processes that may lead to ne w products, techniques or technologies." (2003, p. 18) It all lies in the culture of an organization to encourage people to bring new ideas and promote the willingness for innovation. Innovation is something evidently related with the internal and external environment of any firm. A firm in order to be successful and be able to compete in the market needs to adapt with the environment and any changes taking place in the market. Carrying out new ideas successfully in the business either of manufacturing or services concern shows the innovation. One must know about the trends and changes that have come into the market during the period to innovate accordingly as they both go parallel to each other. (Calantone, Cavusgil and. Zhao, 2002). Innovation is about encouraging new ideas that are to be implemented to the business to compete in the market i.e. innovation of product, business structure, services etc. In the context of marketing concept, innovation primarily lies in coming up with offerings that have never been introduced before to consumer markers. It is about an offering which bears the capacity to stimulate the unexpressed demands of consumers. The core concept of marketing is highly misunderstood to be against the notion of innovation. Marketing does not create barriers in the way of innovation;

Bond Valuation Essay Example for Free

Bond Valuation Essay Discuss the impact of Standard Poor’s downgrading the U.S. credit rating in 2011. Address current and likely future impact on U.S. business, individuals, the global economy and current financial practices. Provide specific examples to support your response. The impact of Standard Poor’s downgrading the U.S. credit rating in 2011 shows us as consumers and investors that we should keep watch on all aspects of the government’s spending. A persistent crisis of confidence in the stock market could put the economy in a tailspin. The impact it would have on current U.S. business, individual global economy and current financial practices in nothing new that this country does not already know or should have seen in the past several years. Businesses have either gone belly-up or merged with another company to save what was left. An example of this is the health care system where a small privately owned practice is unable to carry on with the demands of running its own business and in order to save his business they are able to sign under a local hospital entity and continue on as usual not feeling much of the effects outside of possible changes in company policies and who is now actually paying the bills. The individuals effected is such a rating are those trying to establish a goal of retirement or credit building on their own and is forced to dig into their own savings in order to make ends meet due to the increasing tax demands taking what was once available to them. Globally this impact could result in outside investors not willing to extent already past amounts for the U.S. and further loans and cause the U.S. to grab what little the smaller businesses, families, and financial institutions are able to squeeze and cause more unemployed, closed companies and a downfall of the presumption that the U.S. is the country where dreams are made†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦of course all this won’t happen overnight but if things do not change, this is what we could be facing.

Advancement of Civic Engagement by Community Foundations in Low Income

The role of civic engagement in neighborhood revitalization, particularly in low income African American communities, has gained increased awareness and in recent years. Community, nonprofit, and government leaders now view civic engagement as a critical component of effective solutions as they seek to address crime, unemployment, low graduation rates and numerous other neighborhood challenges. Several successful initiatives have come to fruition and provide strong evidence of the benefits that increased civic engagement provides. Experts commonly define civic engagement as individual and group actions that collectively address general issues of concern that are public in nature. Civic engagement takes many forms such volunteerism, community organizing, and involvement in public policy and political issues. Individuals and community residents can express civic engagement through a variety of activities including participating in neighborhood associations, communicating with elected officials, and volunteering for local nonprofits. Golod (2008) analyzed the Southside Family Charter School located in Minneapolis, MN which serves as a prime example of early civic engagement. Students enrolled in the school reside in a low income community that is close to 50% African American. To improve civic engagement of students and parents, school administrators have developed lesson plans with a focus on civil rights. As a result, the community is preparing a new generation of residents focused on improving their community who follow in the footsteps of parents serving in volunteer capacities and as strong neighborhood activists. The McCormick Foundation recently demonstrated a commitment to civic engagement here in Chicago by ... ...are: Pushing the boundaries of civic engagement for african american youth. Liberal Education, 97(2), 34-39. Golod, F. (2008). Civil rights and social justice: A path to engagement and transformation. Horace, 24(3), 6. Grillo, M.,C., Teixeira, M. A., & Wilson, D. C. (2010). Residential satisfaction and civic engagement: Understanding the causes of community participation. Social Indicators Research, 97(3), 451-466. Kimball, K., & Kopell, M. (2011). Letting GO. Stanford Innovation Review, 9(2), 37- 41. Maton, K. I. (2008). Empowering community settings: Agents of individual development, community betterment, and positive social change. American Journal of Community Psychology, 41(1-2), 4-21. Tester, G., Ruel, E., Anderson, A., Reitzes, D. C., & Oakley, D. (2011). Sense of place among atlanta public housing residents. Journal of Urban Health, 88(3), 436-53.

Per Clausewitz’s On War Essay

Per Clausewitz’s On War focal points on how victory can be achieved, reader see a keen interest in how to disarm the enemy using reciprocal and proportionate â€Å"efforts to his powers or resistance. † This implies that to win a war you might use all means, strength, and resources within your power to deliver the best strategy possible. Using â€Å"calculation of probabilities† victory can achieved by fully knowing what is at stake and how to attack at the right time. Being aware of the political agenda and reasoning behind a war allows for more awareness of political and military alliances in order to achieve victory in war. In addition, by understanding that there are tactics and strategy which must be used in war a victory can be acquired (website, Handel). To Clausewitz this means that â€Å"preparations for War† and the â€Å"War itself† must be seen as distinct entities. By preparing for the War you are acquiring all needed provisions and equipment, and comprehending the enemy and terrain in which the battles might be fought (Clausewitz Book 6). Sun too indicates that preparation for War is strongly required, and that without it practicality of strategy is lost. This would include any tactics to be used, calculations which can done, deriving rules or â€Å"even systems for the conduct of war†, and understanding that knowledge can be â€Å"converted into real power†. Clausewitz considers that â€Å"war is science when mere knowing; art, when doing. † This law of action must include strategy. This in turn â€Å"links together the series of acts which are to lead to the final decision† or finality of victory. Because these strategic elements are key to achieving victory, this author insists that the â€Å"use of engagements†¦. be classified into: moral, physical, mathematical, geographical, and statistical† aspects. This elements manifest within the process and act of War, and encompass the idea that strategic assembly of forces enables victory. Clausewitz indicates that the use of battle leads to the destruction of the enemy’s military, and that a great results is achieved by battle (KLINGER 79-89).

Consumer Buying Behavior of Cosmetics

Introduction: Consumer buying behavior is the study of how individuals make decision to spend the available resources – time, money and effort on consumption related items i. e. , what they buy, why they buy, when they buy, where they buy, how often they buy and use a product or services. In the process of consumers’ buying behavior focuses on how commercial and social marketing can anticipate and within the marketing pillar, the knowledge generated in the consumer behavior pillar provides information for firms to develop new marketing strategies. Cosmetic’ relates to the treatment intended to improve person appearance outwardly. Different consumers have got different perception towards buying cosmetic. With the changing times and the consumer demands organization should be more customer oriented. Consumer buying behavior with regard to cosmetic in comparison of Modicare and Oriflame, leading brands of cosmetic for both genders of all ages.Modicare an India brand deals not only with cosmetics but also with home care, nutrition health and wellness, personal care, laundry care, food and beverage, agriculture and auto care. Oriflame on the other hand is a Sweden brand dealing mostly with cosmetics. A comparison study on these two brands on their cosmetic as how consumer get attracted to buy them, how consumer s satisfied with the products and what make the consumer to buy the products.Marketers must study the customer taste, preferences, wants, shopping and buying behavior because such study provides the clues for developing the new products, price, product changes, messages and other marketing mix element which help in the growth of organization. Thus studying the consumer behavior is a very complex process, as it involves not only the economic factors but also the emotional factors. Objectives of the study * To study the purpose of purchasing cosmetic * To study consumer decision on choosing brand * To study the benefits of cosmetics To stud y the advantage and disadvantage of cosmetic. Description of the problem The problem is to identify whether cosmetics have really work as being advertised and various cosmetic meant for different problem has brought solution or not. Justification for the proposed study The reason for taking up the study is to know the effects of cosmetics which make the consumer get attracted to it. Database The target population for this research would be adult with age of 17-30 and the data will be collected through both primary as well as secondary source.

A Boy Called It essays

A Boy Called It essays The story A Child Called It, by David Pelzer is one of the most astonishing chronicles about his survival through child abuse. The biography is viewed through the childs eyes for the purpose to help others heal from traumatic pasts. The story of David Pelzers childhood is imperative to be available to readers because of the life lessons the book bestow and the quality of Pelzers compelling writing. A Child Called It is basically about one childs courage to survive. During the 1970s, Pelzers child abuse was recorded to be the third most severe in the state of California. He endured both physical and mental cruelty to his emotionally unstable, alcoholic mother, Catherine Roerva. David Pelzer was brutally beaten, starved, and tortured so much that she no longer considered him a son or a boy, but just it. Many lessons can apply to the book and one can interpret the theme in dissimilar ways. I believe the storys primary lesson is that ones courage and willpower is liable to facilitate ones survival. Life will go on no matter how atrocious circumstances seem. I wanted to show the bitch that she could beat me only if I died, and I was determined not to give in, even to death. [Pg. 91] The passage shows David Pelzer willpower and determination; he believed he could win and attain his mothers torture and cruelty. Even though his ambition to survive consisted of loathing his mother, the lesson exemplifies how good determination can result in triumph. Overall, the biography of David Pelzers childhood was ghastly. Though each struggle he goes though, the reader can find himself enduring his pain, comforting his loneliness, and fighting for his will to survive. The detail Pelzer writes gives the readers an awakening to the truth about child abuse. When his mother forces David to eat ammonia, he vividly describes My thro...

Business Studies

What does the nature of business mean ? Usually, when filling out some kind of form, nature of business refers to the type or general category of business or commerce you are describing. For example, if you worked at McDonalds, the nature of your business is food services. Nature of Business means what type of business your are doing? like Wholesale, Retail or Service, Manufacturing, Marketing, etc. If you want more specific, then HBA wholesale, Car Service, Furniture manufacturing, health Drinks Marketing, etc. The nature of business, means what exactly your business is doing and what is the service/product you are offering. For example the nature of Walmart as a business is Retail and the nature of Microsoft is Software. Internal and External Influences on businesses The external environment includes those factors over which the business has little control, such as government policy, technology, economic conditions and social attitudes. The internal environment includes these factors over which the business has some degree of control, such as products, location, resources, management and business culture. External Influences on business  ·Economic  ·Financial  ·Markets  ·Competitive siuation Technological  ·Institutional  ·Political  ·Legal  ·Social  ·Geographic If you had a shop and everyone decided to go to another shop that would be an econmic disaster! If this continues for a month then the business would close, employees would be laid off, and landlords and suppliers will not be paid. Charasteristics of boom perios Higer lever of employment -Inflation may increase The level of spending by consumers increases as they have more confidence in the economy Characteristics of recessi on period Unemployment levels rise Inflation may remain stable or fall Wages are less likely to rise as employers The level of spending usually decreases Internal influences on Business Product The types of good and services will affect the internal operations of a business, The product influence and the size of the business -Location -A good location is an asset and will lead to high levels of sales and profits and a bad location is a liability that adversely affects sales and products  ·Location Factors Visibility, promixity to customers, promixity to suppliers and promiximity to support devices -Management- Resource management -Business culture Failure to SME failure  ·Failure to plan  ·lack of information  ·leaderhsip skills  ·inaccurate record keeping  ·new taxes  ·not enough sales  ·economic turndown  ·staff difficulties Success to SMEs  ·Entrepemtual abilities

Relationship interaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Relationship interaction - Essay Example & Mrs. Smith. In the film Brad and Angeline play a married couple who both work as highly paid assassins. However, neither one in the beginning realizes that the other kills for a living. The couple, in the introduction of the film, was having marital problems but closer to the climax and the new found awareness that they were both in the same line of work, their romance rekindled. This marital problem which seemed to manifest upon the discovery of each other’s line but instead rekindled their lost romance can be gleaned on the following dialogue where there seems to be a disconnect in their COMMUNICATION CODES: The audience might have the initial impression that the couple is in conflict and their marriage is about to breakdown. What happened in fact was the opposite because the couple just needs a little adventure and â€Å"fire† in their relationship and this seeming conflict rekindled that romance again albeit this method is quite unusual. This just shows that Brad and Angelina had a majestic chemistry that transcended on film and generated a unique essence to the movie. It was obvious to notice the true attraction the actors had for each other despite the acted conflict. In addition to the theories observed between the couple’s roles during the movie, the nature of their off camera intimate relationship correlate with the INDEPENDENT COUPLES theory; THIS CONCEPT DESCRIBES MARRIED PARTNERS WHO EXHIBIT SHARING AND COMPANIONSHIP AND PSYCHOLOGICALLY INTERDEPENDENT BUT ALLOW EACH OTHER INDIVIDUAL SPACE. After shooting the movie Mr. Mrs. Smith, Angelina was quoted saying. † We both have been married before, so its not marriage that necessarily keeps some people together.† Brad and Angelina have been in a lasting relationship for over five years but have not married. However, they are committed to raising their children together and continued to allow the other to pursue their movie careers. Pitt and Jolies relationship became one of

A response to Generation Like Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A response to Generation Like - Essay Example They could require brands to pay them for promotion, but they agree to work in exchange of goods and services. It turns out that teenagers underestimate their role in commercial culture today. Most of them tend to watch TV less and spend more and more time online using social media as a tool to express their identity. Brands cannot use conventional channels to reach and retain new audiences any more. They address Youtubers, fans, Twitter or Instagram celebrities to promote their products and they agree to do this for free. SMM advertising is very valuable because it is natural and it addresses loyal audience of viewers who identify with products liked by people they adore or follow. At the same time, kids learn fast and apply marketing strategies in their smaller channels in order to engage their fans and interact with them effectively. Overall, this documentary proves that social media marketing is not a game anymore and people engaged in it need to understand their value in

Restaurant Consulting Firm Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Restaurant Consulting Firm - Assignment Example The next skill-set would be organisation and communication. Since the consulting service deals with interaction, communication skills are extremely important. The ability to talk convincingly and persuasively is very important. In addition to this, the services are mainly towards streamlining restaurants and their operations. Therefore, being extremely organized and proper is important. Today's world operates extensively on computers and the internet. It is therefore, imperative to possess knowledge with regards to computers and using the internet to operate services for further reach. Therefore, in all, critical and creative thinking abilities, excellent communication skills, organizational capacities and being well-acquainted with computer functioning and the internet are the skill-sets that the team must possess. A restaurant consulting firm is a great idea to collaborate the skill-sets mentioned. This is because, the current retail boom and globalization has resulted in the springing up of restaurants everywhere, with international gourmet on the menu. The skill-sets like creative thinking, commu

Chav Culture | Subcultures and Cultural Criminology

Chav Culture | Subcultures and Cultural Criminology The word chav is defined in the oxford dictionary as: a young lower-class person typified by brash and loutish behaviour and the wearing of designer clothes. It is described as an informal derogatory word in British slang. The website, www.urbandictionary.com, which is known for its definitions of British slang words, rather than define the word chav, depicts the image of a 12 year old boy wearing an imitation tracksuit whilst smoking a cigarette and simultaneously showing off his jewellery. The website describes young boys attitude as arrogant walking around as if he is 8 feet tall and mouthing off to strangers that walk by. This website does a great job of posing a truthful image of what a chav is deemed to be. The importance of cultural criminology lies within understanding human social behaviour through the recognition of cultural factors which enables theorists to view behaviour as dynamic rather than determined giving rise to different views on transgressive behaviour. The actions of the youth considered to be chavs on a daily basis can be deemed as part of their lifestyle, which has subsequently lead to the increase in the term chav subculture. The word subculture is used to describe a culture with qualities that differentiates them from a larger culture, for example the chav culture within British culture. The qualities that this chav subculture observes that differentiates are; a different fashion sense predominantly tracksuits and baseball caps; the wearing of lots of bling which is generally gold jewellery whether fake or real; and general loitering (hanging out) in public places such as street corners, town centres. Cultural criminology aims at looking at crime in the context of its culture. It aims to show the relationship between media culture, youth culture and crimes. It is the idea that the reason for committing an offence due to the thrill received. This may be due to excessive boredom meaning offenders have to resort to crime as their only source of pleasure. Cultural criminologists argue that offenders are influenced by media, and are in the mindset of that is the way to behave. In the context of the chav phenomenon they would argue that the chav phenomenon has occurred through choice, primarily for youngsters to fit in with their surroundings. An example of this can be seen through chav fashion and style. The Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies describes style as a means of resolving structural contradictions; however cultural criminologists, such as Martin, take this a step further and describe style as a way of connecting an individual to society. By following the fashion trends, and wearing designer gear, regardless of its legitimacy it is an attempt by chavs to connect with society. Fashion may be seen as a form of exclusivity, with the elite wearing exclusive designer labels; an art form with an agenda of keeping the non-elite at a distance. I believe that the subversive use of Burberry wear by chavs is undeniably an attempt by chavs at connecting with society; by separating themselves from normal fashion and creating their own rebellious trends. Taking into account Bennetts notions of lifestyle, I would argue that the choices taken by the working class youth are an effort to attain an identity, to be realised and accepted in a community in which they believed they are ostracised. This conclusion was also drawn by the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies who believe the chav phenomenon can be a reaction to analogous transformations in working-class identity, community and culture, now taking place in the context of consumer capitalism. Chavs tend to socialise or loiter in places which are public such as town centres, street corners due to boredom. The only form of entertainment available to them is shouting abuse at passers. This deviance is conceived as the thrill of transgression and self-transcendence as a way of overcoming the conventionality and mundanity typically associated with the banal routines and practicalities of everyday regular life. I believe the reason chavs walking around flaunting their designer gear a bid receive attention that isnt obtained elsewhere. The word chav is connected to communities that have suffered social deprivation. Lawler takes this a step further and describes them as the poor and dispossessed. Furthermore, Cohen and Ainley describe chavs as a post-industrial youth underclass. However I do not believe the words chav and underclass are entirely synonymous. I fear underclass is the word that has confused caused arguments regarding class prejudice. Skegg notes that terms such as social exclusion and the underclass have been cynically promoted and utilized by successive British Governments and policy makers, and have rapidly taken the place of terms such as working class. It is this point that illustrates the fact that despite post 1980s studies of culture that showed a decline in the analysis of social class; class distinctions have not disappeared rather they have been replaced. As the recognition of class inequalities has been buried so have class identities making the work on social class appear out of place. Howe ver the fact that the economic polarisation reached its pinnacle in the 1980s meant that the working class became the new underclass. This is echoed by Sayer who deems that the term working class has become one of embarrassment and shame after a decline into the issues of class equality. Moran asserts that the chav phenomenon surfaced as part of the 1980s turn towards neo-liberal thinking and enterprise culture. Moran claims society was perceived as groups comprising distinguished tastes and lifestyles, which further became known as yuppies, toffs, boffins and chavs. Despite various research about the declining importance of class, the creation of such groups has lead to stereotyping resulting in new classes. One way of distinguishing the lower classes is their crass and flashy style illustrated in the clothes they wear, the jewellery they wear and the music they listen to. News media has been one of the prime means through which the chav depiction has been composed and constituted. An example is an article titled Sites to check out if you chav what it takesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ which appeared in the Edinburgh Evening News 2004, in which writer Gina Davidson declares: And we will know them by their dress . . . and trail of fag ends, sparkling white trainers, baggy tracksuit trousers, branded sports top, gold-hooped earrings, sovvy rings and the ubiquitous Burberry baseball cap. In essence, writers such as this label and define the new underclass known as chavs. She writes, Call them what you will, identifying them is easy. In addition to this statement, she continues in a defaming manner by stating that the girls wear too much gold plated jewellery that they will end up putting H Samuel out of business. She labels them as the dole-scroungers, petty criminals, football hooligans and teenage pram-pushers. Davidsons description demonstrates how the chav label ha s become an umbrella which encompass a string of older stereotypes of the white working classes. However the media distinguishes the fact that the chav image possesses a characteristic that makes it unique from previous images of the underclass; the attention paid to the exaggerated use of consumer goods, examples of which include cheap jewellery, branded sports gear and the excessive use of Burberry wear. This has been acknowledged by Hayward and Yar who argue that the chav phenomenon reiterates the discursive creation of the underclass, while simultaneously reconfiguring it within the space of commodity consumption. Through descriptive illustration of chavs, the news media has created a profile, and a person who fits the profile or is similar to the profile will be characterized as a chav. The media has created a class from which people may be pigeonholed purely based on their foreground; with no regard whatsoever as to their background. Furthermore, theoretical writers such as Lawler , Skeggs and Tyler have laid emphasis on the fact that the portrayals of the chav plastered with a sense of disgust which leads to attempts of distinctions by the middle class who are insecure about being tarnished with the same brush as the lower class. An illustration of this antipathy is shown in a quote from a website regarding chavs: I am so glad I have money and am not forced to live in local authority housing. This image just makes me realise how lucky I am to be an educated, cultured member of the middle classes. This disregard for the background along with the sense disgust created by the media towards this new underclass is what separates the middle/upper class with the chav underclass. I commend Billigs critique that these unhelpful media accounts of chavs have an underlying intent to produce a disgust which is not simply reactive but is constitutive of social class. The expression of disgust within media portrayals of chavs must be seen as conscious and not unintentional. The chav figure has produced a boom of condescending scorn aimed at the lower classes by not only the upper class but the middle class as well. I would argue that from the view of cultural criminologists, it is this ostracisation that breeds the chav culture and influences the youth to act in such way that contravenes the conventional norm exhibited by society. These transgressions are what gives these chavs their identity. Modern studies on youth frequently put emphasis the notion that class has become less important in shaping young peoples futures has become a powerful argument in sociological writing on youth. But it is this notion of class itself that shapes the youth to pick a culture to follow. The chav culture is just new option that adds to the list of other youth cultures such as Goth, Emo and Urban. Taking the viewpoint of conventional criminologists, when analysing the new underclass they would take into account the fact that chavs predominantly come from neighbourhoods that exhibit community disorganisation and physical deterioration. The neighbourhoods in which chavs grow up are generally estates which are mainly owned by the local authority or areas or rented housing. These areas are high in proportion of single parent families. These areas also exhibit socio-economic deprivation. The parents of the youths in these areas are largely unemployed, a study for the Centre of Social Justice shows that between 1981 and 2006 the proportion of social housing tenants of working age in full-time employment halved from 67% to 34%. Parents also tend to have histories of drug or alcohol abuse and backgrounds relating to criminality. Families living in these areas tend to lack good relationships between children and their parents with the parents lacking good parental skills resulting in d ysfunctional families with high tendency of family breakdown. In turn the children of the parents have as a result of poor parenting and social upbringing been left with no or little social skills or work ethic and may be impossible to educate. These youths display a number of individual factors such as hyperactivity, impulsive reactions, mental and/or physical health problems and a low self esteem. It leaves these youths with poor academic performances in their schools, due to constant time wasting through disruptive and aggressive behaviour. Their lack of discipline and organisation can lead to poor attendance in schools and early leaving. Edwin H. Sutherland put forward the notion of differential association which asserts that criminal behaviour is learned through interaction, it emerges when a person is exposed to more social message favouring conduct than pro-social messages. He argues that criminal behaviour is an expression of general needs and values the same as non criminal behaviour. If we remove the criminal factor from this theory, it can be applied in the context of chavs; the reason for their behaviour such as loitering or the reason they conform to a dress code is because chavs would like to express themselves just as the upper classes do. They too feel the need to follow a fashion, trend or culture just as much as everyone else. Another theory that can be applied to the chav phenomenon is the theory of anomie and strain developed by Robert K. Merton. This theory when applied to the chav phenomenon would suggest that chavs divulge in transgressive behaviour as a result of culture and the structure of society itself. He echoes the fact that all of society shares the same values and goals. The theory asserts the reason for chav behaviour is due to a retreat from social norms as a consequence of unequal social opportunities causing the youth to drop into deviant subcultures. Taking this theory a step further we could interpret the culture of chavs a rebellion, which aims to seek new goals, such as creating a new identity or culture solely to differentiate themselves from those who distance themselves from chavs due to ignorance. Furthermore, the theory of delinquent subculture could be applied, developed by Albert K. Cohen. He believes that the reason for delinquent behaviour was an uprising against the middle class societys perception of what society should be. He states the delinquent subculture, takes its norms from the larger culture, but turns them upside down. The delinquents conduct is right by the standards of his subculture precisely because it is wrong by the norms of the larger culture. In essence, I believe that the chav phenomenon as subculture has come about due to circumstance as well as choice. I believe that the choice to adhere to this subculture made by the youth does not come solely by free will, but is based upon the circumstances and factors that surround these youth, leading them to conform to a culture. This would lead me to say that the view taken by cultural criminologists that chav culture is a choice or a rebellion would not be true if taken out of the context of the argument put forward by conventional criminologist. I do not believe that chav label solely depicts someone following a culture. We have seen in the media, people who have come from chav like backgrounds are still regarded as chavs such as Jade Goody and Coleen Rooney. Although no longer displaying chav-wear, the fact that they come from chav backgrounds has permanently branded them as chavs with Jade Goody being regarded as the ultimate chav. The fact that the she moved out of the depr ived living conditions she once resided in the label has stuck with her despite her moving into a middle class society. I believe this has lead to a social labelling and almost social prejudice against people who come from areas populated with chavs. What people fail to see the is what is hidden behind veil known as chav , the real social underlying problems that have lead the youth to make those choices to follow this culture. Jade goody, labelled the ultimate chav, was ridiculed for her lack of general knowledge on national television, but a closer look at her background reveals that her upbringing was one of hardship and difficulty. She was brought up in an environment full of crime and violence, with her father was a chronic drug addict and her mother a thief, it was not an rearing full of values and ideals. Tyler and Bennet claim in their article on celebrity chavs that Media portrayals of these celebrities employ con- notations of the undeserving poor à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in order to generate accounts of the undeserving celebrity. In reality I believe there is more to the chav phenomenon than just a culture, it has been introduced into society as a class; a class that you are born into and cannot leave. A class that has been produced as a by product of the decline of class and fashioned to produce fluid identities and to compensate for the change in political strategies. A class that the youth choose to be in purely because they fit in no other class.

Religion Vs Astronomy :: essays research papers

Religion and science have always been in direct competition with one another. The ultimate goal of science is to prove the inexistence of God with facts, while the existence in God is simply based on belief and faith. While 95% of the people living on Earth believe in a superior being of some sort, some might say that religion clouds the minds of otherwise logical individuals and makes it impossible for them to pursue the truth of the Universe. Thus, the debate on which view is the right one continues on, while somewhere in the middle stand religious followers who are also scientists. Many people claim that the belief in religion comes simply from the "need of something to believe in". However, it is difficult to argue against the fact that religion does not include its followers in something greater, then just a "need". It allows for an identification with a greater body of religious believers and for the inclusion in the love of a God. The only thing religion asks for in return is faith in its teachings which is made up of their morals and the existence of the God which they cherish and worship. In the movie "Contact", Ellie Arroway represents many scientists in the world. She is torn between religion and science, however she is unable to rely on the assumed truths of the teachings of religions. Science is the search for truth, it allows her to discover the truth for herself. As Palmer Joss later mentions in the movie, the purity of science is not involved in the furthering of technology. Technology is not the God that science seeks, for it seeks to create no God, science does not believe in any sort of God. As religion accepts the truths written in its texts and taught in its teachings, science continues, through research, to search for "the truth of the Universe".

Australian Export Opportunities to South Korea

Australian Export Opportunities to South Korea Hasting Helical Francesca Carolina Moorage Ash Jane Decorum Cindy Guan Sophia Alai Introduction Where once, the South Korean society solely relied on the produce of their country as a source of goods, they are slowly turning towards imports from other nations, such as Australia for their goods and services. Australia is renowned for their agricultural excellence, and hence has become a major exporter of foods to South Korea. In this essay, discussions about how South Korean culture may influence the nature and the sessions made in regards to food consumption.Additionally, the theories of family and social influence of Australia and South Korea will be applied, with an aim to reveal possible opportunities for the South Korean food industry to further improve its standings in South Korea. Family Family is one of the most important aspects in life for South Koreans. The Korean community is well-known for their large and tight knit families, with an average of 2. 97 persons per household, in comparison to an Organization for Economic Co- operation and Development (COED) average of 2. 63 in 2009 (COED, 2010). This is nearly due to the high level of multinationals families in Korea.Many Koreans regard the well-being of the family, as a whole, more important than that of individual members (ANTA, 2013). Food is also a predominant feature in the Korean culture; they often gather around for extravagant feasts with family and friends, especially on occasions such as New Years and Christmas. Therefore providing food to the family of the best quality is a high priority need. Traditionally, men of the South Korean society are the breadwinners of the family, while women tend to stay at home and take care of family matters. The female employment rate in Korea, at 52. %, in 2009 was below the COED average of 59. 6% (COED, 2010), therefore reflecting the homemaker role that women play in the family. In the eyes of the developed cou ntries club (COED), South Korea is considered a arbitration, and despite the public policies that still uphold the patriarchal family system, the sex ratio (number of boys per 100 girls) has been remarkably decreasing in the last two decades. It seems that the drop in son preference was triggered by normative changes in the society, in comparison to individuals whose socioeconomic resistances had changed (Chunk & Guppy, 2007).Therefore, a potential target market for women arises. At this rate, there is a strong possibility that more women in the South Korean society. Gender takes the centre stage of numerous brand narratives. Researchers conducted in Australia and New Zealand show that the female partner/wife is generally involved in the decision making process (Coffman et al, 2010). Keeping young singles/ married couples in perspective, marketers who used to target men are now targeting women through meaner of educating them about the importance of eating healthy, ND family well-be ing.For example, introduction of diet Pepsi or diet coke, was made to attract men towards diet soda, so that they could monitor their calorie intake. But this claimed to be unsuccessful. To the contrary, when women were targeted towards consuming lower calorie drinks like Dry. Pepper Ten, Pepsi Max, Coke Zero, etc. , it was observed that women were the major consumers, and they religiously rejected the notion that â€Å"diet cola [was] for men† and that â€Å"it's not for women. (Avery, 2012) Social Influence Social influence marketing is composed of a combination of the use of social media ND the day-to-day interactions consumers go through which may impact purchase decisions made by buyers (Murray, 1991). Social media plays a large role in influencing consumers, as content created by everyday people is readily available online through blobs, forums, websites, social networks and flogs. Egg Product reviews on Youth. Consumers can also be influenced by their everyday experie nces and interactions with different people through word-of-mouth communication, viral marketing and buzz agents.Word-of-mouth communication is the result of consumers sharing information and personal experiences of products purchased tit friends, family, colleagues etc. This is one of the more effective ways of marketing as potential buyers are more likely to trust a close acquaintance over an advertisement (Longer, Henning ; Weidman, 2013). Word-of-mouth communication has dramatically increased over time in Australia with the use of social networking sites such as Faceable and Twitter.However, Faceable is not the social media site that is most popular among South Koreans as it has only 3. 6 million users. The most popular social networking site in South Korea is Keyword, which has 19 million unique visitors every month and generates 1. Billion views. Viral marketing is a combination of word-of-mouth communication and social media. This form of marketing is referred to as Moralâ₠¬  because once released, the information spreads like a virus to a large audience in a relatively small time frame.It provides an advantage for mass communication through social networks. As homogeneity is the main focus in South Korean culture this would largely affect the social influence on consumers and potential buyers, as the need for homogeneity would encourage and friends. The general population's need for homogeneity paired with the powerful LOL of social networking will therefore result in viral marketing being a very effective meaner of socially influencing consumers in South Korea (Lee & Trim, 2008).However this method would probably not be as successful in Australia due to the general culture being one that favors individualism and uniqueness as opposed to the idea of homogeneity, which is more widely accepted in South Korea. Buzz agents are consumers recruited by companies to aid in promoting their products. These agents endorse various products by encouraging other consumers to purchase certain products while out on shopping trips, by suggesting which products shop winner should carry that they do not already stock, and by taking certain products to large gatherings in order to promote them to a large audience (Coffman et al, 2010).This would be more effective in South Korea than Australia as the Korean culture embraces family and attachment, and South Koreans often host large gatherings for family and friends which can act as a platform for word-of-mouth communication as well as marketing via buzz agents. Export Opportunities Up to 70% of South Koreans food requirement relies purely on imported goods (Food Business, 2011). Due to a large focus on the wellbeing of Korean consumers, the organic food industry has seen a huge growth in South Korea (Mackinac, 2006).Consumers are interested in purchasing organic Australian products as they are perceived to be of high quality and safe for consumption, however should be reasonably priced in order to keep interest in Korean consumers. Haiku Australia successfully landed their biggest export deals to date for Australian-made organic retail goods to Korea, exporting a three hundred thousand dollar shipment of organic Someone noodles (Free, 2009).Recent changes in the food sector has seen a rise in the mount of consumer groups who take into consideration the image and quality of organic food when they are purchasing or planning meals (Food Business, 2011). The gradual development of the Bilateral Free Trade Agreement alongside a large and yet growing demand for organic products is seeing that Australia has more opportunities to export food to the South Korean region, where government regulations are great barriers for Australian exporters (Mackinac, 2006).Produced from high-quality wheat, Haiku Noodles Australia is an extremely successful exporter of noodles. Currently, they export a great amount of their goods o Korea with a statement from Sarah Woodward stating that the organizat ion ‘received accolades for securing Australia's largest export order for organic retail products (organic Someone noodles) to Korea' (Wallboard 2009: 24).Success came upon the company as they assured their Korean consumers that their noodles were produced Without the use of chemical pesticides, herbicides or insecticides, food additives or genetically modified ingredients, creating a perception in the consumer's mind of clean and safe food (Holstein 2012). Companies seeking the food industry in South Korea have great opportunities stressed, especially when taking a close look as dietary demands (Archives of Surgery: 2004).This trend has seen opportunity arise in meat, dairy and processed product food sectors (Holstein 2012). Additionally, as South Korea has such a low self- sufficiency rate in regards to food production, of only 26%, it is fair to assume that a country with such self-sufficiency rates rely on other countries with a high self- sufficiency rate to supply to pro vide products for their country (Holstein 2012). Although are attractive opportunities that are in this market, there are also barriers hat make it challenging to penetrate the market in South Korea.Such barriers include strict regulation that South Korea has concerning organic certification (Mackinac 2006), although this is seeking to be maintained with the Gaillardia Government's efforts of negotiation with an aim to equalize the prospect of Australian companies exporting to Korea in order to be at the same standard and reputation as its greatest competitors, the United State and Europe by developing the Korea- Australia Free Trade Agreement in 2011 (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2011).Networks with Korea will consequently be developed, maintained and threatened (201 1), including the reanalysis of correct regulations concerning export tariffs (ITS Global et al. 2008) South Korean life revolves mainly around family, being an important aspect of one's life. It is a cultur al aspect of a Korean family to have the father to be perceived as the breadwinner for the family. It is essential that Australian companies wishing to export deliver products that are not only of high quality, but satisfy the family as a whole rather than Just the individual consumer.Marketers also need to keep in mind the collectivist culture of South Korean families and consider it as a social unit. (Choc amp; Yon, 2001). A company can create the perception off family meal' whilst looking at marketing strategies and campaigns. Social influence plays a significant role on the purchase decision made by consumers. In order for an Australian company to apply this theory into their exporting endeavourers could apply in their marketing technique by changing the image of their product.As the perception of organic food changes and becomes more desirable, people tend to agree with the opinions and desire of people around them. Creating a likeable brand allows for consumers loyal to your b rand influence potential consumers around them. Conclusion Being a collectivist and family-oriented society, there is huge potential in the South Korean food industry for Australian exporters. South Koreans are increasingly becoming aware of the benefits of healthy eating, and providing that to their families and friends.

Shadow Kiss Chapter 7

SEVEN WHEN THE FIRST WARNING for curfew came around, the Moroi packed their things up. Adrian took off right away, but Lissa and Christian took their time walking back to the dorm. They held hands and kept their heads close together, whispering about something that I could have â€Å"spied† on if I'd gone inside Lissa's head. They were still outraged over the Victor news. I gave them their privacy and kept my distance, scouting while Eddie walked off to their side. Since there were more Moroi than dhampirs on campus, the Moroi actually had two side-by-side dorms. Lissa and Christian lived in different ones. The two of them stopped when they came to the spot outside the buildings where the path through the quad split. They kissed goodbye, and I did my best to do the guardian seeing-without-actually-seeing thing. Lissa called goodbye to me and then headed off to her dorm with Eddie. I followed Christian to his. If I'd been guarding Adrian or someone like him, I would probably have had to put up with sexual jokes about us sleeping near each other for the next six weeks. But Christian treated me in the casual, brusque way one might a sister. He cleared a spot on the floor for me, and by the time he returned from brushing his teeth, I'd made myself a cozy bed out of blankets. He flipped off the lights and climbed into his own bed. After several quiet moments, I asked, â€Å"Christian?† â€Å"This is the time when we sleep, Rose.† I yawned. â€Å"Believe me, I want that too. But I have a question.† â€Å"Is it about Victor? Because I need to sleep, and that's just going to piss me off again.† â€Å"No, it's about something else.† â€Å"Okay, shoot.† â€Å"Why didn't you make fun of me over what happened with Stan? Everyone else is trying to figure out if I messed up or did it on purpose. Lissa gave me a hard time. Adrian did a little. And the guardians †¦ well, never mind about them. But you didn't say anything. I figured you'd be the first one with a snappy comment.† More silence fell, and I hoped he was thinking about his answer and not falling asleep. â€Å"There was no point in giving you a hard time,† he said at last. â€Å"I know you didn't do it on purpose.† â€Å"Why not? I mean, not that I'm contradicting you – because I didn't do it on purpose – but why are you so sure?† â€Å"Because of our conversation in culinary science. And because of the way you are. I saw you in Spokane. Anyone who did what you did to save us †¦ well, you wouldn't do something childish like this.† â€Å"Wow. Thanks. I †¦ well, that means a lot.† Christian believed me when no one else did. â€Å"You're like the first person who actually believes I just messed up without any ulterior motives.† â€Å"Well,† he said, â€Å"I don't believe that either.† â€Å"Believe what? That I messed up? Why not?† â€Å"Weren't you just listening? I saw you in Spokane. Someone like you doesn't mess up or freeze.† I started to give him the same line I'd given the guardians, that killing Strigoi didn't make me invincible, but he cut me off: â€Å"Plus, I saw your face out there.† â€Å"Out†¦ on the quad?† â€Å"Yeah.† Several more quiet moments passed. â€Å"I don't know what happened, but the way you looked †¦ that wasn't the look of someone trying to get back at a person. It wasn't the look of someone blanking out at Alto's attack either. It was something different†¦. I don't know. But you were completely consumed by something else – and honestly? Your expression? Kind of scary.† â€Å"Yet†¦you aren't giving me a hard time over that either.† â€Å"Not my business. If it was big enough to take you over like that, then it must be serious. But if push comes to shove, I feel safe with you, Rose. I know you'd protect me if there was really a Strigoi there.† He yawned. â€Å"Okay. Now that I've bared my soul, can we please go to bed? Maybe you don't need beauty sleep, but some of us aren't that lucky.† I let him sleep and soon gave into exhaustion myself. I'd had a long day and was still short on rest from the previous night. Once heavily asleep, I began to dream. As I did, I felt the telltale signs of one of Adrian's contrived dreams. â€Å"Oh no,† I groaned. I stood in a garden in the middle of summer. The air was heavy and humid, and sunshine beat down on me in golden waves. Flowers of every color bloomed around me, and the air was heavy with the scent of lilacs and roses. Bees and butterflies danced from blossom to blossom. I wore jeans and a linen tank top. My nazar, a small blue eye made of glass that allegedly warded off evil, hung around my neck. I also wore a beaded bracelet with a cross, called a chotki, on my wrist. It was a Dragomir heirloom Lissa had given me. I rarely wore jewelry in my daily duties, but it always showed up in these dreams. â€Å"Where are you?† I called. â€Å"I know you're here.† Adrian stepped around from behind an apple tree that was thick with pink and white flowers. He wore jeans – something I'd never seen him in before. They looked good and were undoubtedly a designer brand. A dark green cotton T-shirt – also very simple – covered his upper body, and the sunlight brought out highlights of gold and chestnut in his brown hair. â€Å"I told you to stay out of my dreams,† I said, putting my hands on my hips. He gave me his lazy smile. â€Å"But how else are we supposed to talk? You didn't seem very friendly earlier.† â€Å"Maybe if you didn't use compulsion on people, you'd have more friends.† â€Å"I had to save you from yourself. Your aura was like a storm cloud.† â€Å"Okay, for once, can we please not talk about auras and my impending doom?† The look in his eyes told me he was actually really interested in that, but he let it go. â€Å"Okay. We can talk about other things.† â€Å"But I don't want to talk at all! I want to sleep.† â€Å"You are sleeping.† Adrian smiled and walked over to study a flowering vine that was winding up a post. It had orange and yellow flowers shaped like trumpets. He gently ran his fingers over one of the flowers' edges. â€Å"This was my grandmother's garden.† â€Å"Great,† I said, making myself comfortable against the apple tree. It looked like we could be here for a while. â€Å"Now I get to hear your family history.† â€Å"Hey she was a cool lady.† â€Å"I'm sure she was. Can I go yet?† His eyes were still on the vine's blossoms. â€Å"You shouldn't knock Moroi family trees. You don't know anything about your father. For all you know, we could be related.† â€Å"Would that mean you'd leave me alone?† Strolling back over to me, he switched subjects as though there'd been no interruption. â€Å"Nah, don't worry. I think we come from different trees. Isn't your dad some Turkish guy anyway?† â€Å"Yeah, according to my – Hey, are you staring at my chest?† He was studying me closely, but his eyes were no longer on my face. I crossed my arms over my chest and glared. â€Å"I'm staring at your shirt,† he said. â€Å"The color is all wrong.† Reaching out, he touched the strap. Like ink spreading across paper, the ivory fabric turned the same shade of rich indigo as the vine's blossoms. He narrowed his eyes like an expert artist studying his work. â€Å"How'd you do that?† I exclaimed. â€Å"It's my dream. Hmm. You're not a blue person. Well, at least not in the color sense. Let's try this.† The blue lit up into a brilliant crimson. â€Å"Yes, that's it. Red's your color. Red like a rose, like a sweet, sweet Rose.† â€Å"Oh man,† I said. â€Å"I didn't know you could kick into crazy mode even in dreams.† He never got as dark and depressed as Lissa had last year, but spirit definitely made him weird sometimes. He stepped back and threw his arms out. â€Å"I'm always crazy around you, Rose. Here, I'm going to write an impromptu poem for you.† He tipped his head back and shouted to the sky: â€Å"Rose is in red But never in blue Sharp as a thorn Fights like one too.† Adrian dropped his arms and looked at me expectantly. â€Å"How can a thorn fight?† I asked. He shook his head. â€Å"Art doesn't have to make sense, little dhampir. Besides, I'm supposed to be crazy, right?† â€Å"Not the craziest I've ever seen.† â€Å"Well,† he said, pacing over to study some hydrangeas, â€Å"I'll work on that.† I started to ask again about when I could go â€Å"back† to sleep, but our exchange brought something to my mind. â€Å"Adrian †¦ how do you know if you're crazy or not?† He turned from the flowers, a smile on his face. I could tell he was about to make a joke, but then he looked at me more closely. The smile faded, and he turned unusually serious. â€Å"Do you think you're crazy?† he asked. â€Å"I don't know,† I said, looking down at the ground. I was barefoot, and sharp blades of grass tickled my feet. â€Å"I've been †¦ seeing things.† â€Å"People who are crazy rarely question whether they're crazy,† he said wisely. I sighed and looked back up at him. â€Å"That doesn't really help me.† He walked back over to me and rested a hand on my shoulder. â€Å"I don't think you're crazy, Rose. I think you've been through a lot, though.† I frowned. â€Å"What's that mean?† â€Å"It means I don't think you're crazy.† â€Å"Thanks. That clears things up. You know, these dreams are really starting to bug me.† â€Å"Lissa doesn't mind them,† he said. â€Å"You visit hers too? Do you seriously have no boundaries?† â€Å"Nah, hers are instructional. She wants to learn how to do this.† â€Å"Great. So I'm just the lucky one who gets to put up with your sexual harassment.† He actually looked hurt. â€Å"I really wish you wouldn't act like I'm evil incarnate.† â€Å"Sorry. I just haven't had much reason to believe you can do anything useful.† â€Å"Right. As opposed to your cradle-robbing mentor. I don't really see you making much progress with him.† I took a step back and narrowed my eyes. â€Å"Leave Dimitri out of this.† â€Å"I will when you stop acting like he's perfect. Correct me if I'm wrong, but he's one of the people who hid the trial from you, right?† I looked away. â€Å"That's not important right now. Besides, he had his reasons.† â€Å"Yeah, which apparently didn't involve being open with you or fighting to get you there. Whereas me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He shrugged. â€Å"I could get you into the trial.† â€Å"You?† I asked with a harsh laugh. â€Å"How are you going to pull that off? Have a smoke break with the judge? Use compulsion on the queen and half the royals at court?† â€Å"You shouldn't be so quick to slam people who can help you. Just wait.† He placed a light kiss on my forehead that I tried to wiggle away from. â€Å"But for now, go get some rest.† The garden faded, and I fell back into the normal blackness of sleep.